众所周知,TOR是一种能够保护世界各地不同中继节点之间通信调度数据包的“软件”,由志愿者建立的网络进行运营。在过去的几年中,TOR已经被物理和网络***者广泛用于掩盖恶意操作。TOR也被视为最主要的进入暗网的方法,在暗网中,“恶意”的人可以通过黑市非法买卖东西。
网络里每个中继节点都能够根据自己的配置状态,决定是作为一个ExitPoint(在以下图片中用最后一台接触“Bob”的机器表示)或者只是一个中继节点(在下图中,TOR节点用“绿十字”突出显示)。如果中继节点决定成为一个ExitNode,就会向公众公开自己的IP地址,这通常是一个引起当地警方警觉的好办法。
过去一年中,电视节目,广播电台,youtube频道,Facebook这一类大众媒体披露出,许多黑市故意将人们引向DarkWeb,从而将他们暴露在许多新的***场景下。事实上新的***者会为了监视他们的通信流而设置退出节点或继电器节点。这种***可能会在许多单一的方式下发生,但最常用的今天写的这三个:
1.DNS中毒:这个技术主要在于将与知名网站有关的DNS调用重定向到一个假的页面上, 这个假的页面包含开发工具包,可以使用户的浏览器妥协。
2.文件修补:这个技术是改变请求的文件,在其到达目的地之前在其中添加恶意内容.这些步骤会在发给原始请求者之前直接在ExitPoint /中继节点上进行。
3.替换证明(SSL - MITM):这个技术是用假的证书替换网站真实的证书,这样就可以解密通信流,拦截凭证和参数。
致力于网络安全就意味着要及时意识到这样的***的存在,也要能够决定将在何时通过TOR中继节点。请注意,TOR不是DarkWeb中唯一的匿名网络.
我的目标是弄清楚我的TOR流通过恶意中继节点的时间。出于这样一个原因,我决定写一个能够对DNS Poison,文件修补和SSL-MITM做出一些快速检查的python脚本。这个脚本已经存在了2年, 直到现在仍是保密状态。自从科学研究应用了我的FindMalExit.py的高级版本之后,我决定公开这个脚本。
想法
实际上这是一个非常简单的想法:“让我们在不通过TOR网络(或通过可靠电路)的情况下拿到证书,IP地址和文件,然后重复这个过程,直到通过所有可用的中继节点。比较结果并进行检查。”
实现
以下请查收我的代码。请记住这是一个不是最终的代码 (这段代码只是一个更大的项目中的第一个版本,现在由Yoroi维护)。我决定发布HTML格式的代码。
#!/usr/bin/env python2 #========================================================================# # THIS IS NOT A PRODUCTION RELEASED SOFTWARE # #========================================================================# # Purpose of finMaliciousRelayPoints is to proof the way it's possible to# # discover TOR malicious Relays Points. Please do not use it in # # any production environment # # Author: Marco Ramilli # # eMail: XXXXXXXX # # WebSite: marcoramilli.blogspot.com # # Use it at your own # #========================================================================# #==============================Disclaimer: ==============================# #THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR # #IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED # #WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE # #DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, # #INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES # #(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR # #SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) # #HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, # #STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING # #IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE # #POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. # #========================================================================# #------------------------------------------------------------------------- #------------------- GENERAL SECTION ------------------------------------- #------------------------------------------------------------------------- import StringIO import tempfile import time import hashlib import traceback from geoip import geolite2 import stem.control TRUSTED_HOP_FINGERPRINT = '379FB450010D17078B3766C2273303C358C3A442' #trusted hop SOCKS_PORT = 9050 CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 30 # timeout before we give up on a circuit #------------------------------------------------------------------------- #---------------- File Patching Section ---------------------------------- #------------------------------------------------------------------------- import pycurl check_files = { "http://live.sysinternals.com/psexec.exe", "http://live.sysinternals.com/psexec.exe", "http://live.sysinternals.com/psping.exe", } check_files_patch_results = [] class File_Check_Results: """ Analysis Results against File Patching """ def __init__(self, url, filen, filepath, exitnode, found_hash): self.url = url self.filename = filen self.filepath = filepath self.exitnode = exitnode self.filehash = found_hash #------------------------------------------------------------------------ #------------------- DNS Poison Section --------------------------------- #------------------------------------------------------------------------ import dns.resolver import socks import socket check_domain_poison_results = [] domains = { "www.youporn.com", "youporn.com", "www.torproject.org", "www.wikileaks.org", "www.i2p2.de", "torrentfreak.com", "blockchain.info", } class Domain_Poison_Check: """ Analysis Results against Domain Poison """ def __init__(self, domain): self.domain = domain self.address = [] self.path = [] def pushAddr(self, add): self.address.append(add) def pushPath(self, path): self.path = path #----------------------------------------------------------------------- #------------------- SSL Sltrip Section -------------------------------- #----------------------------------------------------------------------- import OpenSSL import ssl check_ssl_strip_results = [] ssl_strip_monitored_urls = { "www.google.com", "www.microsoft.com", "www.apple.com", "www.bbc.com", } class SSL_Strip_Check: """ Analysis Result against SSL Strip """ def __init__(self, domain, public_key, serial_number): self.domain = domain self.public_key = public_key self.serial_number = serial_number #---------------------------------------------------------------------- #---------------- Starting Coding ------------------------------- #---------------------------------------------------------------------- def sslCheckOriginal(): """ Download the original Certificate without TOR connection """ print('[+] Populating SSL for later check') for url in ssl_strip_monitored_urls: try: cert = ssl.get_server_certificate((str(url), 443)) x509 = OpenSSL.crypto.load_certificate(OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, cert) p_k = x509.get_pubkey() s_n = x509.get_serial_number() print('[+] Acquired Certificate: %s' % url) print(' |_________> serial_number %s' % s_n) print(' |_________> public_key %s' % p_k) check_ssl_strip_results.append(SSL_Strip_Check(url, p_k, s_n)) except Exception as err: print('[-] Error While Acquiring certificats on setup phase !') traceback.print_exc() return time.time() def fileCheckOriginal(): """ Downloading file ORIGINAL without TOR """ print('[+] Populating File Hasing for later check') for url in check_files: try: data = query(url) file_name = url.split("/")[-1] _,tmp_file = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="exitmap_%s_" % file_name) with open(tmp_file, "wb") as fd: fd.write(data) print('[+] Saving File \"%s\".' % tmp_file) check_files_patch_results.append( File_Check_Results(url, file_name, tmp_file, "NO", sha512_file(tmp_file)) ) print('[+] First Time we see the file..') print(' |_________> exitnode : None' ) print(' |_________> :url: %s' % str(url) ) print(' |_________> :filePath: %s' % str(tmp_file)) print(' |_________> :file Hash: %s' % str(sha512_file(tmp_file))) except Exception as err: print('[-] Error ! %s' % err) traceback.print_exc() pass return time.time() def resolveOriginalDomains(): """ Resolving DNS For original purposes """ print('[+] Populating Domain Name Resolution for later check ') try: for domain in domains: response = dns.resolver.query(domain) d = Domain_Poison_Check(domain) print('[+] Domain: %s' % domain) for record in response: print(' |____> maps to %s.' % (record.address)) d.pushAddr(record) check_domain_poison_results.append(d) return time.time() except Exception as err: print('[+] Exception: %s' % err) traceback.print_exc() return time.time() def query(url): """ Uses pycurl to fetch a site using the proxy on the SOCKS_PORT. """ output = StringIO.StringIO() query = pycurl.Curl() query.setopt(pycurl.URL, url) query.setopt(pycurl.PROXY, 'localhost') query.setopt(pycurl.PROXYPORT, SOCKS_PORT) query.setopt(pycurl.PROXYTYPE, pycurl.PROXYTYPE_SOCKS5_HOSTNAME) query.setopt(pycurl.CONNECTTIMEOUT, CONNECTION_TIMEOUT) query.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, output.write) try: query.perform() return output.getvalue() except pycurl.error as exc: raise ValueError("Unable to reach %s (%s)" % (url, exc)) def scan(controller, path): """ Scan Tor Relays Point to find File Patching """ def attach_stream(stream): if stream.status == 'NEW': try: controller.attach_stream(stream.id, circuit_id) #print('[+] New Circuit id (%s) attached and ready to be used!' % circuit_id) except Exception as err: controller.remove_event_listener(attach_stream) controller.reset_conf('__LeaveStreamsUnattached') try: print('[+] Creating a New TOR circuit based on path: %s' % path) circuit_id = controller.new_circuit(path, await_build = True) controller.add_event_listener(attach_stream, stem.control.EventType.STREAM) controller.set_conf('__LeaveStreamsUnattached', '1') # leave stream management to us start_time = time.time() socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050) socket.socket = socks.socket ip = query('http://ip.42.pl/raw') if ip is not None: country = geolite2.lookup( str(ip) ).country print('\n \n') print('[+] Performing FilePatch, DNS Spoofing and Certificate Checking\ passing through --> %s (%s) \n \n' % (str(ip), str(country)) ) time_FileCheck = fileCheck(path) print('[+] FileCheck took: %0.2f seconds' % ( time_FileCheck - start_time)) #time_CertsCheck = certsCheck(path) #print('[+] CertsCheck took: %0.2f seconds' % ( time_DNSCheck - start_time)) time_DNSCheck = dnsCheck(path) print('[+] DNSCheck took: %0.2f seconds' % ( time_DNSCheck - start_time)) except Exception as err: print('[-] Circuit creation error: %s' % path) return time.time() - start_time def certsCheck(path): """ SSL Strip detection TODO: It's still a weak control. Need to collect and to compare public_key() """ print('[+] Checking Certificates') try: socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050) socket.socket = socks.socket for url in ssl_strip_monitored_urls: cert = ssl.get_server_certificate((str(url), 443)) x509 = OpenSSL.crypto.load_certificate(OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_PEM, cert) p_k = x509.get_pubkey() s_n = x509.get_serial_number() for stored_cert in check_ssl_strip_results: if str(url) == str(stored_cert.domain): if str(stored_cert.serial_number) != str(s_n): print('[+] ALERT Found SSL Strip on uri (%s) through path %s ' % (url, path)) break else: print('[+] Certificate Check seems to be OK for %s' % url) except Exception as err: print('[-] Error: %s' % err) traceback.print_exc() socket.close() return time.time() def dnsCheck(path): """ DNS Poisoning Check """ try: socks.setdefaultproxy(socks.PROXY_TYPE_SOCKS5, "127.0.0.1", 9050) socket.socket = socks.socket print('[+] Checking DNS ') for domain in domains: ipv4 = socket.gethostbyname(domain) for p_d in check_domain_poison_results: if str(p_d.domain) == str(domain): found = False for d_ip in p_d.address: if str(ipv4) == str(d_ip): found = True break if found == False: print('[+] ALERT:DNS SPOOFING FOUND: name: %s ip: %s (path: %s )' % (domain, ipv4, path) ) else: print('[+] Check DNS (%s) seems to be OK' % domain) except Exception as err: print('[-] Error: %s' % err) traceback.print_exc() socket.close() return time.time() def fileCheck(path): """ Downloading file through TOR circuits doing the hashing """ print('[+] Checking For File patching ') for url in check_files: try: #File Rereive data = query(url) file_name = url.split("/")[-1] _,tmp_file = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="exitmap_%s_" % file_name) with open(tmp_file, "wb") as fd: fd.write(data) for i in check_files_patch_results: if str(i.url) == str(url): if str(i.filehash) != str(sha512_file(tmp_file)): print('[+] ALERT File Patch FOUND !') print(' | exitnode : %s' % str(i.exitnode) ) print(' |_________> url: %s' % str(i.url) ) print(' |_________> filePath: %s' % str(i.filepath) ) print(' |_________> fileHash: %s' % str(i.filehash) ) #check_files_patch_results.append( File_Check_Results(url, file_name, tmp_file, path, sha512_file(tmp_file)) ) else : print('[+] File (%s) seems to be ok' % i.url) break except Exception as err: print('[-] Error ! %s' % err) traceback.print_exc() pass return time.time() def sha512_file(file_name): """ Calculate SHA512 over the given file. """ hash_func = hashlib.sha256() with open(file_name, "rb") as fd: hash_func.update(fd.read()) return hash_func.hexdigest() if __name__ == '__main__': start_analysis = time.time() print(""" |=====================================================================| | Find Malicious Relay Nodes is a python script made for checking 3 | | unique kind of frauds such as: | | (1) File Patching | | (2) DNS Poison | | (3) SSL Stripping (MITM SSL) | |=====================================================================| """) print(""" |=====================================================================| | Initialization Phase | |=====================================================================| """) dns_setup_time = resolveOriginalDomains() print('[+] DNS Setup Finished: %0.2f' % (dns_setup_time - start_analysis)) file_check_original_time = fileCheckOriginal() print('[+] File Setup Finished: %0.2f' % (file_check_original_time - start_analysis)) ssl_checking_original_time = sslCheckOriginal() print('[+] Acquiring Certificates Setup Finished: %0.2f' % (ssl_checking_original_time - start_analysis)) print(""" |=====================================================================| | Analysis Phase | |=====================================================================| """) print('[+] Connecting and Fetching possible Relays ...') with stem.control.Controller.from_port() as controller: controller.authenticate() net_status = controller.get_network_statuses() for descriptor in net_status: try: fingerprint = descriptor.fingerprint print('[+] Selecting a New Exit Point:') print('[+] |_________> FingerPrint: %s ' % fingerprint) print('[+] |_________> Flags: %s ' % descriptor.flags) print('[+] |_________> Exit_Policies: %s ' % descriptor.exit_policy) if 'EXIT' in (flag.upper() for flag in descriptor.flags): print('[+] Found Exit Point. Performing Scan through EXIT: %s' % fingerprint) if None == descriptor.exit_policy: print('[+] No Exit Policies found ... no certs checking') time_taken = scan(controller, [TRUSTED_HOP_FINGERPRINT, fingerprint]) else: #print('[+] Not Exit Point found. Using it as Relay passing to TRUST Exit Point') pass #time_taken = scan(controller, [fingerprint, TRUSTED_HOP_FINGERPRINT]) #print('[+] Finished Analysis for %s finished => %0.2f seconds' % (fingerprint, time_taken)) except Exception as exc: print('[-] Exception on FingerPrint: %s => %s' % (fingerprint, exc)) traceback.print_exc() pass